The French Lieutenant's Woman is a 1981 British romantic drama film directed by Karel Reisz, produced by Leon Clore, and adapted by playwright Harold Pinter. It is based on the eponymous 1969 novel by John Fowles. The music score is by Carl Davis and the cinematography by Freddie Francis.
The French Lieutenant's Woman | |
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Original film poster | |
Directed by | Karel Reisz |
Produced by | Leon Clore |
Written by | Harold Pinter |
Based on | The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles |
Starring | Meryl Streep Jeremy Irons David Warner |
Music by | Carl Davis |
Cinematography | Freddie Francis |
Edited by | John Bloom |
Distributed by | United Artists |
Release date | 18 September 1981 |
Running time | 127 minutes |
Country | United Kingdom |
Language | English |
Budget | $8 million |
Box office | $26,890,068 |
The film stars Meryl Streep and Jeremy Irons. Other featured actors include Hilton McRae, Peter Vaughan, Colin Jeavons, Liz Smith, Patience Collier, Richard Griffiths, David Warner, Alun Armstrong, Penelope Wilton, and Leo McKern.
The film received five Academy Award nominations. Streep was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, and Pinter for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
Screenplay
The film intercuts the stories of two affairs. One is a Victorian period drama involving the gentleman palaeontologist Charles Smithson and the complex and troubled Sarah Woodruff, known as "the French lieutenant's woman." The other story is between actors Mike and Anna, playing the lead roles in a modern filming of the story. In both segments, Jeremy Irons and Meryl Streep play the lead roles. John Fowles's The French Lieutenant's Woman had multiple endings, and the two parallel stories in the movie have different outcomes.
In the Victorian story, Charles enters into an intensely emotional relationship with Sarah, an enigmatic and self-imposed outcast he meets while visiting his fiancée Ernestina (Lynsey Baxter) in Lyme Regis. Charles and Sarah meet secretly in the Lyme Regis Undercliff, and eventually have sex in an Exeter hotel. This leads to Charles' breaking his engagement, but then Sarah disappears.
In social disgrace after being sued for breach of promise, Charles searches for Sarah, fearing she has become a prostitute in London. After three years, Sarah, who has a job as a governess in the Lake District, contacts Charles to explain that she needed time to find herself. Despite Charles's initial anger, he forgives her, and the two are reconciled. They are finally seen boating on Windermere.
In the modern story, the American actress Anna and the English actor Mike, both married, are shown as having an established affair during the making of the Victorian film, in which Anna plays Sarah and Mike portrays Charles. As filming concludes, Mike wishes to continue the relationship, but Anna becomes increasingly cool about the affair and avoids Mike in favour of spending time with her French husband. During the film's wrap party, Anna leaves without saying goodbye to Mike. Mike calls to Anna from an upstairs window (on the set where Charles and Sarah had reconciled), as she drives away, using her character's name Sarah.
- Meryl Streep as Sarah Woodruff/Anna
- Jeremy Irons as Charles Henry Smithson/Mike
- Hilton McRae as Sam
- Emily Morgan as Mary
- Charlotte Mitchell as Mrs. Tranter
- Lynsey Baxter as Ernestina
- Jean Faulds as Cook
- Peter Vaughan as Mr. Freeman
- Colin Jeavons as Vicar
- Liz Smith as Mrs. Fairley
- Patience Collier as Mrs. Poulteney
- John Barrett as Dairyman
- Leo McKern as Dr. Grogan
- Penelope Wilton as Sonia
Harold Pinter and Karel Reisz worked on the script in 1979, with Leon Clore as producer, and with whom Reisz regularly worked in their company Film Contracts, formed many years earlier. Leon had produced Reisz' Morgan: A Suitable Case for Treatment. The film was shot in 1980 on location in Lyme Regis, Exeter, London docks, and Lake Windermere. Studio sets were built at London's Twickenham Studios to Assheton Gorton's period-perfect designs. The opening shot in the film establishes the dual stories by having the assistant director mark the shot with a clapper board, and then run out of the shot to reveal the Victorian seaside front, with Charles' and Ernestine's taking the air.
The audience is given alternating sequences of a rigid Victorian society, and the more relaxed modern life of a working film crew, revealing the great moral divide between past and present. Prostitution, Considered in Its Moral, Social, and Sanitary Aspects, an 1857 book by William Acton, is referenced in the film when Streep's character mentions that in 1857 there were 80,000 prostitutes in the London and that one house in 60 functioned as a brothel.
The book was published in 1969. Its transfer to the big screen was a protracted process, with film rights changing hands a number of times before a treatment, funds, and cast were finalized. Originally, Malcolm Bradbury and Christopher Bigsby approached Fowles to suggest a television adaptation, to which Fowles was amenable, but producer Saul Zaentz finally arranged for the film version to be made.
A number of directors were attached to the film: Sidney Lumet, Robert Bolt, Fred Zinnemann, and Miloš Forman. The script went through a number of treatments, including one by Dennis Potter in 1975 and by James Costigan in 1976, before Pinter's final draft.
Actors considered for the role of Charles Smithson/Mike included Robert Redford and Richard Chamberlain, and Sarah/Anna included Francesca Annis, Charlotte Rampling, Gemma Jones, and Fowles's choice Helen Mirren.
The award-winning music was composed by Carl Davis and performed by an unidentified orchestra and viola soloist Kenneth Essex.
The French Lieutenant's Woman holds a rating of 74% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 19 reviews.
Awards and nominations
Academy Awards
- Nominations
- Best Actress in a Leading Role: Meryl Streep
- Best Art Direction-Set Decoration: Assheton Gorton, Ann Mollo
- Best Costume Design: Tom Rand
- Best Film Editing: John Bloom
- Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium: Harold Pinter
BAFTA Awards
- Wins
- Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music: Carl Davis
- Best Actress: Meryl Streep
- Best Sound: Don Sharp, Ivan Sharrock, Bill Rowe
- Nominations
- Best Film: Leon Clore
- Best Actor: Jeremy Irons
- Best Cinematography: Freddie Francis
- Best Costume Design: Tom Rand
- Best Direction: Karel Reisz
- Best Editing: John Bloom
- Best Production Design/Art Direction: Assheton Gorton
- Best Screenplay: Harold Pinter
Golden Globe Awards
- Win
- Best Actress: Meryl Streep
- Nominations
- Best Motion Picture – Drama: Leon Clore
- Best Screenplay: Harold Pinter
Other awards
- Evening Standard British Film Award Best Film: Karel Reisz
- David di Donatello Awards: Best Screenplay for Foreign Film: Harold Pinter
- Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards: Best Actress: Meryl Streep