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The Big Boss (Chinese: ????; alternately titled Fists of Fury) is a 1971 Hong Kong martial arts action film written and directed by Lo Wei, with assistance from Bruce Lee. It stars Lee, Maria Yi, James Tien and Tony Liu. Lee's first major film, it was written for James Tien. However, when the film's original director, Ng Kar-seung, was replaced by Lo, Lee was given the leading role instead.The film was a critical success and excelled at the box office. Lee's strong performance overshadowed Tien, already a star in Hong Kong, and made Bruce Lee famous across Asia.
The Big Boss | |
---|---|
Hong Kong film poster | |
Traditional | ???? |
Simplified | ???? |
Mandarin | Táng Sh?n Dà Xi?ng |
Cantonese | Tong4 Saan1 Daai6 Hing1 |
Directed by | Lo Wei |
Produced by | Raymond Chow |
Written by | Bruce Lee Lo Wei |
Starring | Bruce Lee Maria Yi James Tien Nora Miao |
Music by | Wang Fu-ling |
Cinematography | Chan Ching-kui |
Edited by | Sung Ming |
Distributed by | Golden Harvest |
Release date |
|
Running time | 100 minutes |
Country | Hong Kong |
Language | Mandarin Cantonese Thai |
Box office | HK$3,197,417 US$2,800,000 (US/ Canada rentals) |
Screenplay
Cheng Chao-an (Bruce Lee) is a Chinese man who moves to Thailand to live with his adopted family and work in an ice factory. He meets his cousin Hsu Chien (James Tien) and Hsu's younger brother by accident when Hsu Chien stands up to local street thugs. Cheng refrains from getting involved, as he swore to his mother to never participate in any fighting. He wears a jade amulet around his neck as a reminder of his pledge.
Cheng begins his work at the ice factory. When an ice block is accidentally broken, a bag of white powder falls out. Two of Cheng's cousins pick up the bag and are told to see the manager later that night. The factory is actually a front for a drug smuggling ring led by Hsiao Mi (a.k.a. the Big Boss). When Cheng's cousins refuse to join them, the manager sends his thugs to kill them and dispose of their bodies.
Hsu Chien and another cousin go to Hsiao's compound to find out what happened to the two cousins. Hsu doubts Hsiao's claims that he doesn't know anything and threatens to go to the police. The duo subsequently tries to fight off Hsiao Chiun's gang and are soon killed.
When the workers at the ice factory learn that Hsu is missing as well, they start a riot, which leads to a brawl with the hired thugs. During the chaos, one of the thugs accidentally rips off and breaks Cheng's amulet. Enraged, Cheng jumps into the brawl and beats some of the thugs, causing them to flee immediately.
To cool down the tensions, the ice factory manager makes Cheng a foreman, inviting him to a dinner that night. This later causes much unease for Cheng's family and friends, who believe that Cheng is growing arrogant and spending more time basking in the new position's glory than helping to look for their brothers. They grow to resent him, all except Chiao Mei who stands up for him.
Cheng gets drunk at the dinner party and is seduced by Sun Wu Man, one of the prostitutes. She later warns Cheng that his life is in danger and reveals that Hsiao Mi is running a drug trafficking operation. Immediately after Cheng leaves, Hsiao's son, Hsiao Chiun, sneaks in and kills Sun by throwing a knife at her heart. Cheng breaks into the factory and first finds the drugs before discovering a hand, the head of Sun, and the head of Hsu Chien in the iceblocks. He is surrounded by Hsiao Chiun and a group of his men. Cheng fights his way out, killing Hsiao Chiun and many gangsters in the process.
He returns home to find that his remaining family members have been murdered, while Chiao Mei has gone missing. Mourning his loss by a river, he vows to exact his revenge at all costs, even if it means breaking his oath of non-violence. Cheng subsequently storms Hsiao Mi's mansion to fight him and his men. Meanwhile, one of Hsiao Mi's disgruntled slaves frees Chiao Mei, who was held hostage by Hsiao Mi in a different compound. She runs away to get help from the Thai police. Cheng finally kills Hsiao Mi after a fierce fight. Once he knows that Chiao Mei is safe, he surrenders to the Thai police when they arrive at the mansion.
- Bruce Lee as Cheng Chao-an (Chinese: ???; Cantonese Yale: Zeng Ciu-On), a young man who, along with his uncle, travels from China to Pak Chong, Thailand to stay with his cousins. Before departing, he swore an oath to his mother to not get into any fights while staying in Pak Chong.This is made legitimate by Cheng wearing his mother's jade amulet necklace to serve as a reminder to that oath he swore.
- Maria Yi as Chiao Mei, a typical "damsel in distress". She is Cheng's only female cousin.
- James Tien as Cousin Hsu Chien, a martial artist who gets into fights with the local gangs.
- Nora Miao as a local cold drinks vendor. (guest star)
- Lee Kwan as Cousin Ah Kun
- Han Ying-chieh as Hsiao Mi ("The Big Boss") owner of an ice factory which is really a front for his drug dealing.
- Tony Liu as Hsiao Chiun, Hsiao Mi's son.
- Kam San as Cousin Shan
- Li Hua-sze as Cousin Wong
- Marilyn Bautista/Malalene as Miss Sun Wu Man
- Chan Chue as Sheng, the ice factory's foreman.
- Billy Chan Wui-ngai as Cousin Pei
- Lam Ching-ying as Cousin Yen (also Assistant Action Director of the film)
- To Ga-Jing as Uncle Liu, Cheng's uncle.
- Peter Yang as Cousin Chen
- Peter Chan Lung as Hsiao Mi's henchman
The four years following the cancellation of The Green Hornet was a difficult and frustrating time for Bruce Lee. In 1970, he was incapacitated for several months after damaging a sacral nerve in his lower back while weightlifting. Money became tight as roles in Hollywood proved hard to come by, and wife Linda had to work evenings at an answering service to help pay the bills. Bruce was still keen to develop film and TV projects in Hollywood, but Warner Bros. was reluctant to accept a TV script project he had developed (the plotline of which was similar to, but not the same as, Kung Fu), and production on The Silent Flute had to be suspended indefinitely after three-week trip to India with James Coburn and Stirling Silliphant to scout locations for the movie proved unproductive. In light of these recent events, Coburn suggested to Bruce that he tried his luck in the increasingly growing Hong Kong film industry."
In spring 1970, Bruce paid a visit to Hong Kong with his young son Brandon. Unbeknownst to Bruce, he had become famous there due to reruns of The Green Hornet on TV, and the enthusiastic reception he received took him by surprise. He was invited to appear on popular HKTVB chat show Enjoy Yourself Tonight, where he was interviewed and gave a board-breaking demonstration.
Encouraged by the interest in Hong Kong, Bruce asked his old friend Unicorn Chan to pass on his CV to Shaw Brothers, Hong Kong's largest film production company. They offered Bruce a long-term contract and only US$2000 a film, which Bruce turned down. A second offer came out of the blue from Raymond Chow, a film producer who had in 1970 left Shaw Brothers to form a new company, Golden Harvest. Chow, aware of the rejected offer from Shaw Brothers, had been impressed by Bruce's interviews on Hong Kong TV and radio, and also by his confidence during a long-distance phone call, in which Bruce agreed to Chow's term so as long as he had full creative control over the movies."
In June 1971, Chow sent one of his producers, Liu Liang-Hua (the wife of director Lo Wei) to Los Angeles to meet and negotiate with Bruce, who signed a contract to make two films for Golden Harvest for US$15,000 ($10,000 for The Big Boss and $5000 on completion of a still-unnamed second film). This would allow Linda to quit her job and help ease their financial worries.
With the contract signed, Chow hastily arranged a meeting with his Golden Harvest executives and an old friend called Mak Tin-Yat (Fatty Mak), a veteran of the Thai film industry. Inspired by the success of a recent Shaw Brothers film about Muay Thai boxing (Duel of Fists), they came up with the idea of shooting an action film on location in Thailand, which would also help to keep costs down. Mr. Mak, an expert in Thai affairs, offered to help with locations and expenses.
Bruce Lee flew from Los Angeles to Bangkok via Hong Kong on 12 July 1971. Raymond Chow, concerned about renewed interest from Shaw Brothers, had wanted him to fly directly to Bangkok, but Bruce stopped in Hong Kong briefly to meet Unicorn Chan and several other Shaw Bros. personnel to discuss independent projects that did not involve either studio. Filming commenced on around 20 July in Pak Chong, a river port town situated some 90 miles (150 km) northeast of Bangkok, on the northern edge of the Khao Yai National Park, Thailand's oldest reserve; it also serves as the gateway to the northeast (Isan) of Thailand from the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Pak Chong would be Bruce's home for about four weeks – from 13 July to mid-August – and he made no secret of his dislike for it in letters to wife Linda, describing it as a lawless, impoverished and undeveloped village. Due to the lack of fresh food, Bruce was losing weight due to a lack of proper diet, having to eat canned meat and supplement his diet with vitamins, which he had thankfully brought along. Bruce occasionally lost his voice through trying to shout above the noise on set; mosquitoes and cockroaches were also plentiful in the facilities that the film crew had to stay at.
When Bruce arrived in Pak Chong, rival film companies tried desperately to poach him away from Golden Harvest, including Shaw Brothers, with a new and improved offer. A film producer from Taiwan told Bruce to rip up the contract and promised to take care of any lawsuit. Bruce had no intention of considering the offers, although it did add some extra tension in the film set. It was in Pak Chong that Bruce met Raymond Chow for the first time and told him about his plans of being the biggest movie star in the Chinese-speaking world.
Shooting did not go smoothly at first. After just a few days, the conservative and short-sighted original director, Wu Chia Hsiang, was replaced by Lo Wei (the husband of associate producer Liu Liang-Hua). Bruce was initially sceptical of Lo, describing him in letters to Linda as a fame lover and not particularly focused on being much of a director. Bruce sliced open the index finger of his right hand while washing a thin glass, the wound requiring ten stitches and a large plaster, which is very noticeable for the majority of the movie, especially those at the ice factory.
Other locations in Pak Chong used for filming include the Lam Ta Khong river (a tributary of the Mun River), and the nearby Rimtarninn Hotel (formerly New Wan Chai), where Bruce stayed during filming; the dinner party scene was filmed here. Some filming also took place in a local brothel, which has since burnt down. Bruce recalled that the establishment had a foul smell, and the film company paid to keep the hookers from directly interfering with the film production. Since there was not much entertainment in Pak Chong especially in the evening, much of the male crew would buy drinks and hang out at the whorehouse. Bruce noted that, upon the conclusion of film production, several from the cast would bring along Thai girlfriends back to Hong Kong.
Perhaps the most iconic location seen in the film is the titular big boss's mansion and gardens, which was originally built as a mausoleum. Like the ice factory, it is still in Pak Chong today and remains largely unchanged, much to the delight of the dedicated fans who have made the pilgrimage to Thailand to view the filming locations.
There has been some speculation that Bruce was involved in a real fight on the set of The Big Boss, as depicted in the 1993 biopic Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story. Although no such fight actually took place, Bruce did interact extensively with a local Muay Thai group and exchanged info and skills with them when he wasn't occupied with filming duties.
After an eventful and at times chaotic first few days' filming in Pak Chong, by early August 1971 the filming had picked up speed, and was progressing well. Bruce and Lo Wei were collaborating, but they still clashed over a few of the scenes, in particular the use of trampolines and mattresses to propel people through the air, and also the scene where Bruce punches a man through a wooden wall, leaving a rather cartoonish outline in the wood. Lastly but not least, Bruce was also hesitant to go along with Lo Wei's ideas of filming risky scenes of his character getting in bed with Thai ladies portraying prostitutes, although he eventually agreed to do them as Lo insisted it would add to his character's newfound image as a revenge-driven warrior. In both cases the director stuck to his guns.
The final scene filmed in Pak Chong was the climatic fight between Bruce and the boss (play
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