The Accused is a 1988 American legal drama film directed by Jonathan Kaplan, written by Tom Topor and starring Jodie Foster, Kelly McGillis, Bernie Coulson, Leo Rossi, Ann Hearn, Carmen Argenziano, Steve Antin and Tom O'Brien. In the film Sarah Tobias, a young waitress, is gang-raped by three men at a local bar; she and district attorney Kathryn Murphy set out to prosecute the rapists as well as the men who encouraged them.
The Accused | |
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Theatrical release poster | |
Directed by | Jonathan Kaplan |
Produced by | Stanley R. Jaffe Sherry Lansing |
Written by | Tom Topor |
Starring |
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Music by | Brad Fiedel |
Cinematography | Ralf D. Bode |
Edited by | O. Nicholas Brown Gerard B. Greenberg |
Distributed by | Paramount Pictures |
Release date |
|
Running time | 111 minutes |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $6 million |
Box office | $37.07 million |
Set in Washington state, but filmed in Vancouver, Canada, it is loosely based on the 1983 gang rape of Cheryl Araujo in New Bedford, Massachusetts, and the resulting trial, which received national coverage. The film explores the themes of classism, misogyny, Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), slut shaming, victim blaming and women's empowerment.
The Accused premiered at the 39th Berlin International Film Festival, where it competed for the Golden Bear. It was released in limited theatres on October 14, 1988 by Paramount Pictures and was highly controversial upon release, mostly due to its graphic representation of gang rape. The film became a critical and commercial success grossing over $37 million worldwide, against its $6 million budget. Major praise was drawn towards Foster's performance, marking her breakthrough to adult roles and brought her numerous accolades including the Academy Award for Best Actress.
Screenplay
On April 18, 1987, at a local bar called "The Mill", 24-years old working-class woman Sarah Tobias (Jodie Foster) is gang raped by several drunk bar patrons, while onlookers cheer them on. Assistant district attorney Kathryn Murphy (Kelly McGillis) is assigned to the rape case. Her superior instructs Murphy to offer a plea bargain with the rape defendants that requires some jail time. They make a plea bargain to charges of reckless endangerment, and are sentenced to prison. Sarah is enraged by the deal, as there is no acknowledgment on the record that the men raped her.
Sarah rams a pickup truck after recognizing its driver as one of the patrons from the bar who had been cheering during the rape, and being outraged by his crude proposition of her. Her injuries require hospitalization. After this, Murphy decides to prosecute the men who cheered the rape for criminal solicitation. Sarah's friend Sally, a waitress at the bar where the rape took place, picks three men out of a line-up as those who encouraged the attackers. They get three different defense attorneys for the ensuing trial.
Sarah testifies that she was raped. College student Kenneth Joyce (Bernie Coulson), a friend of one of the rapists, testifies to watching the rape before he made a 911 call to notify police. After Murphy's closing statement and a single summation from the three defense lawyers, the jury deliberates for a long time. They ask several times for Joyce's testimony to be reread to them.
In the end, the jury convicts the three defendants. As the trial provides testimony and evidence that the men raped Sarah, the three men already serving prison time for reckless endangerment are unlikely to be granted parole.
- Jodie Foster as Sarah Tobias
- Kelly McGillis as Assistant District Attorney Kathryn Murphy
- Bernie Coulson as Kenneth Joyce
- Leo Rossi as Cliff "Scorpion" Albrect
- Ann Hearn as Sally Fraser
- Carmen Argenziano as District Attorney Paul Rudolph
- Steve Antin as Bob Joiner
- Tom O'Brien as Larry
- Peter Van Norden as Attorney Paulsen
- Terry David Mulligan as Lieutenant Duncan
- Woody Brown as Danny
- Tom Heaton as Jesse
- Andrew Kavadas as Defendant Matt Haines
- Scott Paulin as Attorney Ben Wainwright
- Tom McBeath as Defendant Stu Holloway
- Kim Kondrashoff as Kurt
Development
Screenwriter Tom Topor was inspired to write the film after the real trial of Cheryl Araujo became national news. Dawn Steel called him to ask if he'd be interested in doing a movie on the subject and following which Sherry Lansing and Stanley Jaffe from Paramount Pictures, where signed on to produce the film. Topor interviewed 30 rape victims and numerous rapists, prosecutors, defense attorneys and scrub nurses. Jonathan Kaplan met Steel following the dawn of Araujo's trail and discussed the possibility of having a film on the subject. The original draft of the script focused on the lawyer's story while the rape victim was just that — a victim, a prop. Kaplan wanted the rape victim character to be front and center with the lawyer, while the script also had the pool table (similar from the real life incident), but the producers were concerned of being sued, so it was changed to a pinball machine.
—Topor explaining the importance to make the film
Following the test screenings, the film received lowest scores in the history of Paramount. According to Lansing, "The audience thought that Jodie's character deserved the rape." The studio executives wanted to put the film on the shelf and were looking for ways to not get it released. Lansing asked for another screening with just women. She got that screening, and it went through the roof. Of the 20 women in the room, 18 had experience with rape — that either they or someone they knew had been raped. When tested again months later, it got among the highest scores in studio's history.
Casting
The casting process of the film was extremely muddling. The studio was looking for a banakable actress who could sell the film. Numerous actresses were considered for the part of Sarah Tobias, including; Valerie Bertinelli, Jennifer Grey, Meg Ryan, Mia Sara, Annabeth Gish, Joan Cusack, Jennifer Beals, Alyssa Milano, Uma Thurman, Ally Sheedy and Kelly Preston but all of them rejected it due to the film's gruesome and controversial themes. Foster, who had recently graduated from Yale and didn't make any successful film during her time at school, wasn't the fruitful choice for the producers. Following numerous auditions as well as rejection from various established actresses, she was finally casted for the part. Jane Fonda was initially attached to play Kathryn Murphy but left the project as she found the script exploitative and poorly written. Ellen Barkin, Michelle Pfeiffer, Sigourney Weaver, Debra Winger, Meryl Streep and Geena Davis were also considered for the part. Kelly McGillis, who just came off Top Gun (1987) was cast for the bankable prospects of the film. McGillis was initially offered to play Sarah but declined, citing her personal experience. She acknowledged at the time of film's release that she had survived an attack and rape. Based on her experience, she took on the role of Murphy. Brad Pitt auditioned for the part of Ken Joyce.
Foster viewed the film as a last ditch effort to give her acting career a much needed boost. She had taken a sabbatical from Hollywood to attend Yale, which was prolonged due to John Hinckley's assassination attempt on President Ronald Reagan (which he carried out as a means to impress Foster with whom he had obsessed after seeing her in Taxi Driver) in March 1981. After recovering from the media frenzy surrounding her following the incident, she had experienced a bit of a dry spell upon her return to acting. Most of her films had a lukewarm response both with critics and at the box office. She stated that she would have retired from acting had The Accused followed suit. Ultimately, the film's success revitalised her career.
Filming
Principal photography for The Accused began on April 22, 1987 and concluded on June 2, 1987. Although set in Washington state, it was filmed in Vancouver, Canada. The gang rape scene was highly controversial at the time of its release, as being the longest, most graphic and boldest representation of the assault in cinematic history. It took five days to complete and the filming was a difficult experience for the cast and crew involved. Everyone felt protective of Foster and worried how traumatic the situation could be for her. In an interview, Foster explained that the rape scene was meticulously rehearsed beforehand, so there would be no unpleasant surprises for anyone involved in the actual scene. She herself has admitted that she does not remember filming the scene and completely blacked-out and broke blood vessels in her right eye from crying during shooting of the scene. Contrarily, the male actors were overwhelmingly upset. Leo Rossi (who played Cliff "Scorpion" Albrect, the by-stander), recalled the experience of Woody Brown (who played Danny, one of the rapists), following the filming of the scene, being bolted and throwing up in his trailer. Complex ranked the rape scene from the film #16 on its list of "The 53 Most Hard-To-Watch Scenes in Movie History".
No. | Title | Artist | Length |
---|---|---|---|
1. | ""I'm Talking Love"" | Vanessa Anderson | 3:35 |
2. | ""At This Moment"" | Billy Vera & The Beaters | 2:30 |
3. | ""Kiss of Fire"" | James Harman | 3:50 |
4. | ""Love to the Limit"" | Only Child | 3:21 |
5. | ""Love in Return"" | Gina Schock | 2:20 |
6. | ""Middle of Nowhere"" | Gina Schock and Vance DeGeneres | 2:10 |
7. | ""Walk in My Sleep"" | House of Schock | 1:50 |
8. | ""Mojo Boogie"" | Johnny Winter | 2:50 |
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