Shor may refer to:

• Shor and Shorshor, 1926 Soviet movie
• Shor (film), 1971 Hindi movie
• Shor people, an indigenous ethnic group of southern Siberia
• Shor language, one of the Turkic languages
• Shor's algorithm, quantum algorithm for factoring a number N in O((log N)3) time and O(log N) space
• Shor, the Hebrew word for bull or ox

Shor is a Jewish surname, notricon (acronym) shokhet u rav - "ritual slaughterer" and "rabbi", . It means "ox" in the family named Shor that is descended from Joseph ben Isaac Bekhor Shor. Bekhor Shor means "first-born ox", which is the animal symbolic of Joseph in the biblical blessing found in Deuteronomy 33:17. Some of those with this last name are:

• Dan Shor, veteran actor, director, writer and teacher with a career spanning 28 years
• Ira Shor, composition and rhetoric professor
• Joseph ben Isaac Bekhor Shor (12th century), French rabbi, Talmudic scholar and poet. He was called Bekhor Shor after a biblical commentary he wrote.
• Ephraim Zalman Shor(1551-1633), descended from the preceding, also called Tevuot Shor after a book he wrote on ritual slaughtering.
• Naum Z. Shor (1937-2006), Ukrainian mathematician
• Peter Shor (b. 1959), American theoretical computer scientist
• Sol Shor, American screenwriter
• Toots Shor (1903-1977), proprietor of Toots Shor's Restaurant