Purnima (also called Poornima, Pournima, Bangla: ????????, Sanskrit: ???????? (IAST: p?r?im?)) is the Indian and Nepali word for full moon, while in Indonesian it is known as Purnama. The day of Purnima is the day (Tithi) in each month when the full moon occurs, and marks the division in each month between the two lunar fortnights (Paksha).
A full moon occurs when the Sun and the Moon appear separated by 180°. This lunar day is the considered auspicious for new beginnings. The Shukla ("bright") Paksha is the fortnight before, and the Krishna ("dark") Paksha is the fortnight after Purnima.
This lunar phase lasts only for a while, when the Sun, Earth, and the Moon are aligned exactly in a straight line, called a syzygy of the Sun–Earth–Moon system. Full moon is considered the third of the four primary phases of the Moon; the other three phases are new moon, first quarter moon, and third quarter moon. The full moon shows 100% illumination, causes high tides, and can concur with lunar eclipses.
Contents
Purnima in 2018
| Month | Purnima Date (2018) | Festivals |
|---|---|---|
| Paush | 02 January (Tuesday) | Paush Purnima |
| Magha | 31 January (Wednesday) | Magha Purnima |
| Phalguna | 01 March (Thursday) | Holi |
| Chaitra | 31 March (Saturday) | Hanuman Jayanti |
| Vaishakha | 30 April (Monday) | Buddha Purnima |
| Adhik Jyeshtha | 29 May (Tuesday) | Adhik Vat Purnima |
| Jyeshtha | 28 June (Thursday) | Vat Purnima |
| Ashadha | 27 July (Friday) | Guru Purnima |
| Shravana | 26 August (Sunday) | Rakhi Purnima |
| Ashwin | 24 October (Wednesday) | Kojagiri Purnima |
| Kartik | 23 November (Friday) | Kartik Poornima |
| Margashirsha | 22 December (Saturday) | Datt?treya Jayanti |
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Festivals
The following festivals occur on Purnima.
- Kartik Poornima, is celebrated on the full moon day of Kartik of Nepali Calendar. It is also called Tripura Purnima.
- Shravan Poornima, is the full moon day in the month of Shravan. This day has a number of different names. Hayagriva Jayanti is also celebrated on Shravana Purnima. It is also known as Narali Purnima
- Vat Purnima is celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Jyeshta. Women pray for their husbands by tying threads around a banyan tree (Vat) on this day. It honors Savitri, the legendary wife of Satyavan who escaped death for her husband's life. It is the chosen day for worshipping Yama deva
- Guru Purnima, devotees offer puja (worship) to their Guru, on a full moon day. This is well known as Vyasa Purnima (Sanskrit. ?????) after the birthday of the celebrated author of Mahabharata who is declared as the guru of all in the Shiva Purana.[5]
- Sharad Purnima or Kojagiri purnima, the Autumn Harvest Festival, on a full moon day.
- Buddha Poornima, the day of birth, enlightenment and passing away of Gautama Buddha, on a full moon day.
- Holi/Phalgun Purnima, the Spring Festival of Colours in Hinduism/Buddhism/Jainism, the full moon day in the month of Phalgun.
- Datt?treya Jayanti is celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Margashira
- Hanuman Jayanti is celebrated on the full mon of the lunar month Chaitra. However, this is celebrated on different days in different states. While Orissa celebrates this as Vaisakha Sankranti, Andhra Pradesh celebrates Vaisakha shukla paksha dashami, Kerala celebrates it in a previous month Margashira Amavasya coinciding with Mula Nakshatra. Chaitra Purnima is the chosen day for donation of rice to please Sri Chandra Deva, Moon god.
- Shakambhari Purnima is celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Pausha
- Madhu Purnima is celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Bhaadra. On this day Uma Maheswara Vrata as well as Shakra Vrata where Indra is worshiped for children and well-being.
- Satyanarayan Puja vrata is observed on all full moon days
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