Odds Against Tomorrow is a 1959 film noir produced and directed by Robert Wise and starring Harry Belafonte. He selected Abraham Polonsky to write the script, which is based on a novel of the same name by William P. McGivern. Blacklisted in those years, Polonsky had to use a front and John O. Killens was credited. Polonsky's screenwriting credit was restored in 1996 in his own name.
Odds Against Tomorrow | |
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Theatrical release poster | |
Directed by | Robert Wise |
Produced by | Robert Wise |
Screenplay by | Abraham Polonsky Nelson Gidding |
Based on | the novel Odds Against Tomorrow by William P. McGivern |
Starring | Harry Belafonte Robert Ryan Ed Begley Gloria Grahame Shelley Winters |
Music by | John Lewis |
Cinematography | Joseph C. Brun |
Edited by | Dede Allen |
Production company | HarBel Productions |
Distributed by | United Artists |
Release date |
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Running time | 95 minutes |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Odds Against Tomorrow was the last time that Wise shot black-and-white film in the standard aspect ratio, a technique that gave his films a "gritty realism".
Screenplay
David Burke (Ed Begley) is a former policeman who was ruined when he refused to cooperate with state crime investigators. He has asked Earl Slater (Robert Ryan), a hard-bitten, racist, ex-con, to help him rob an upstate bank, promising him $50,000 if the robbery is successful. Burke also recruits Johnny Ingram (Belafonte), a nightclub entertainer. He doesn't want the job but is addicted to gambling and is deeply in debt.
Slater, who is supported by his girlfriend, Lorry (Shelley Winters), learns that Ingram is black and refuses the job. Later, he realizes that he needs the money, and joins Ingram and Burke in the enterprise.
Tensions between Ingram and Slater increase as they near completion of the crime. Burke is seen by a police officer leaving the scene of the raid, and is mortally wounded in the ensuing shootout with local police. He commits suicide, shooting himself to avoid capture. Slater is cavalier about Burke's death, which infuriates Ingram. Slater and Ingram begin to fight each other even as they try to evade the police. Ingram and Slater escape and run into a nearby fuel storage depot. They chase each other onto the top of the fuel tanks. When they exchange gunfire, the fuel tanks ignite, causing a large explosion. Afterward, their burned corpses are indistinguishable from each other. The last scene focuses on a sign at the entrance of the fuel storage depot saying, "Stop, Dead End".
- Harry Belafonte as Ingram
- Robert Ryan as Slater
- Shelley Winters as Lorry
- Ed Begley as Burke
- Gloria Grahame as Helen
- Will Kuluva as Bacco
- Kim Hamilton as Ruth
- Mae Barnes as Annie
- Richard Bright as Coco
- Carmen De Lavallade as Kitty
- Lew Gallo as Moriarty
- Lois Thorne as Eadie
- Wayne Rogers Soldier in bar
- Zohra Lampert as Girl in Bar
- Allen Nourse as Police Chief
- Cicely Tyson as Jazz Club Bartender (uncredited)
- Mel Stewart as Hotel Juno Elevator Operator (uncredited)
- Robert Earl Jones as Jazz Club Patron (uncredited)
The film was produced by HarBel Productions, a company founded by the film's star, Harry Belafonte. He selected Abraham Polonsky as the screenwriter. Polonsky was blacklisted by the House Unamerican Activities Committee at the time, which had conducted extensive hearings on so-called communist influence in the film industry. He used John O. Killens, a black novelist and friend of Belafonte, as a front to be the credited screenwriter. In 1996, the Writers Guild of America restored Polonsky's film credit under his own name.
Principal photography began in March 1959. All outdoor scenes were shot in New York City and Hudson, New York, about 120 miles upriver. According to director Robert Wise:
- "I did something in Odds Against Tomorrow I'd been wanting to do in some pictures but hadn't had the chance. I wanted a certain kind of mood in some sequences, such as the opening when Robert Ryan is walking down West Side Street...I used infra-red film. You have to be very careful with that because it turns green things white, and you can't get too close on people's faces. It does distort them but gives that wonderful quality—black skies with white clouds—and it changes the feeling and look of the scenes."
This film was the last in which Wise shot black-and-white film in the standard aspect ratio. This technique "gave his films the gritty realism they were known for". After this film, Wise shot two black-and-white films, both in the scope aspect ratio - Two for the Seesaw and The Haunting.
Odds Against Tomorrow | ||||
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Soundtrack album by John Lewis | ||||
Released | 1959 | |||
Recorded | July 16, 17 & 20, 1959 in NYC | |||
Genre | Film score | |||
Length | 43:11 | |||
Label | United Artists UAL 4061 | |||
John Lewis chronology | ||||
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Professional ratings | |
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Review scores | |
Source | Rating |
Allmusic |
The film score was composed, arranged and conducted by John Lewis of the Modern Jazz Quartet. The soundtrack album was released on the United Artists label in 1959. To realize his score, Lewis assembled a 22-piece orchestra, which included MJQ bandmates Milt Jackson on vibraphone, Percy Heath on bass and Connie Kay on drums, as well as Bill Evans on piano, and Jim Hall on guitar.Allmusic's Bruce Eder noted, "This superb jazz score by John Lewis was later turned into a hit by The Modern Jazz Quartet. It's dark and dynamic, and a classic". The Modern Jazz Quartet's album of Lewis' themes; Music from Odds Against Tomorrow was recorded in October 1959. The track "Skating in Central Park" became a permanent part of the MJQ's repertoire. It was also reused for a similar scene in the 1971 film Little Murders.
Track listing
All compositions by John Lewis
Personnel
- John Lewis - arranger, conductor
- Bernie Glow, Joe Wilder, John Ware, Melvyn Broiles - trumpet
- John Clark, Tom McIntosh - trombone
- Al Richman, Gunther Schuller, Paul Ingram, Ray Alonge - French horn
- Harvey Phillips - tuba
- Robert DiDomenica - flute
- Harvey Shapiro, Joseph Tekula - cello
- Ruth Berman - harp
- Milt Jackson - vibraphone
- Bill Evans - piano
- Jim Hall - guitar
- Percy Heath - bass
- Connie Kay - drums
- Richard Horowitz - timpani
- Walter Rosenberger - percussion
Critical response
Bosley Crowther of the New York Times described Wise's direction as "tight and strong" and the film as a "sharp, hard, suspenseful melodrama", with a "sheer dramatic build-up ... of an artistic caliber that is rarely achieved on the screen."
Time magazine wrote:
"The tension builds well to the climax—thanks partly to Director Robert Wise (I Want to Live!), partly to an able Negro scriptwriter named John O. Killens, but mostly to Actor Ryan, a menace who can look bullets and smile sulphuric acid. But the tension is released too soon—and much too trickily. The spectator is left with a feeling that is aptly expressed in the final frame of the film, when the camera focuses on a street sign that reads: STOP—DEAD END."
Variety magazine said: "On one level, Odds against Tomorrow is a taut crime melodrama. On another, it is an allegory about racism, greed and man's propensity for self-destruction. Not altogether successful in the second category, it still succeeds on its first."
Forty years after its release, Stephen Holden called the film "sadly overlooked".
Awards
The film wa
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