Black Friday is a 2007 Indian docudrama film written and directed by Anurag Kashyap. Based on Black Friday – The True Story of the Bombay Bomb Blasts, a book by Hussain Zaidi about the 1993 Bombay bombings, it chronicles the events that led to the blasts and the subsequent police investigation. Produced by Arindam Mitra of Mid Day, the film stars Kay Kay Menon, Aditya Srivastava, Pavan Malhotra, Kishor Kadam and Zakir Hussain.
Black Friday | |
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Black Friday banner | |
Directed by | Anurag Kashyap |
Produced by | Arindam Mitra |
Screenplay by | Anurag Kashyap |
Based on | Black Friday by Hussain Zaidi |
Starring | Kay Kay Menon Pavan Malhotra Aditya Shrivastava Imtiaz Ali Pratima Kazmi Zakir Hussain |
Music by | Indian Ocean |
Cinematography | Natarajan Subramaniam |
Edited by | Aarti Bajaj |
Production company | Mid Day Multimedia Limited Big Bang Pictures Jhamu Sughand Mirror Films |
Distributed by | Jhamu Sughand Adlabs films |
Release date |
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Running time | 167 minutes |
Country | India |
Language | Hindi |
Budget | ?6.5 crore (US$900,000) |
Box office | ?8 crore (US$1.1 million) |
Arindam Mitra, director of operations for Mid Day, approached Kashyap with the book and wanted him to write a television series based on it for the Aaj Tak TV news channel. Kashyap wrote the script in episodes for the six-part miniseries but later felt a feature film was more appropriate for the topic. Aaj Tak backed away from the project and it was shelved. Kashyap then suggested to director Aditya Bhattacharya that he make it into a film. When Kashyap told him he felt there was a film to be made about the event, Bhattacharya gave it to him to direct. The film's soundtrack album and the background score was composed by the band Indian Ocean, while the lyrics were written by Piyush Mishra. Natarajan Subramaniam served as the director of photography, while Aarti Bajaj was its editor.
Black Friday premiered at the 2004 Locarno International Film Festival and was supposed to be released the same year in India. However, after a petition filed by a group accused of the 1993 bomb blasts challenging the film's release, the Bombay High Court issued a stay. Until judgement was delivered on the case it could not be released. On 9 February 2007, after the verdict was announced, the Supreme Court of India allowed its release. The film received critical acclaim. It won the Grand Jury Prize at the Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles and was a nominee for the Golden Leopard award at the Locarno International Film Festival. Made on a production budget of ?6.5 crore (US$900,000), it grossed a total of ?8 crore (US$1.1 million) at the box office.
Screenplay
On 9 March 1993 a small-time thug, Gul Mohammed, is detained at the Nav Pada police station in Bombay and confesses to a conspiracy underway to bomb major locations around the city. The police dismiss his confession and three days later, a series of explosions take place in the city leaving 257 dead and close to 1,400 injured. Investigators discover the bombs were made of RDX smuggled into the city with the aid of customs officials and the border police.
Tiger Memon is an underworld don whose office is burned during the Bombay riots. The participation of Muslim minorities in the riots leads to a meeting of underworld leaders in Dubai who take it upon themselves to seek retribution. Memon suggests an attack on Bombay would send the strongest message of retaliation.
Asgar Muqadam, his secretary, is arrested on 14 March 1993. He is beaten until he provides whatever information he has about the bomb blasts. This initiates a full-scale police inquiry. Deputy Commissioner of Police, Rakesh Maria is put in charge of the case. Badshah Khan, one of the henchmen who had left Bombay and gone into hiding, is arrested by the police on 10 May 1993. Following the blast, accomplices to the crime are forced to lead a life of anonymity and secrecy as it becomes evident the Mumbai police have begun picking up the suspects one by one. To make matters worse, their passports seem to have been destroyed at the behest of Memon.
Despite assurances to the contrary, the high command blatantly refuses any help once the bombings have occurred. Tired of being let down by his own people, and without a place to hide, Badshah Khan realises there is no justification for his acts and decides to become a police witness. On 4 November 1993, the police file a charge sheet against 189 accused. The Central Bureau of Investigation takes over the case. On 5 August 1994, Tiger's brother, Yaqub Memon, willingly turns himself in to the authorities. In a candid Newstrack interview on national television Yaqub states that it was Tiger and his underworld associates who orchestrated the conspiracy.
- Kay Kay Menon as DCP Rakesh Maria
- Aditya Srivastava as Badshah Khan
- Pavan Malhotra as Tiger Memon
- Kishor Kadam as Inspector Bhaskar Dangle
- Zakir Hussain as Inspector Nandakumar Chaugule
- Imtiaz Ali as Yakub Memon
- Pankaj Jha as Anwar Theba
- Pratima Kazmi as Mrs. Khan, Badshah's mother
- Nawazuddin Siddiqui as Asgar Mukadam
- Pranay Narayan as Imtiaz Gawate
- Vijay Maurya as Dawood Ibrahim
- Dibyendu Bhattacharya as Yeda Yakub
- Gajraj Rao as Dawood Phanse
- Prakash Jais as Farooq Pawle
- Raj Arjun as Nasir Deklu
- Ragesh Asthana as Mohammad Dossa
- Raj Singh Chaudhary as Mushtaq Tarani
- Aliya Curmally as Shabana Memon
- Sanjay Gandhi as DCP K.L. Bishnoi
- Ashraful Haque as Bashir Khan
On 12 March 1993, a series of 12 bomb blasts took place in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The attacks were carried out in retaliation for the Bombay riots that occurred earlier in the year. They resulted in 257 deaths and 713 injuries. Anurag Kashyap's feature film directorial debut Paanch ran into censorship trouble and had been shelved when Arindam Mitra, director of operations for Mid Day, approached him with the book Black Friday – The True Story of the Bombay Bomb Blasts written by Hussain Zaidi, their chief crime correspondent. He wanted Kashyap to write a television series based on it for Aaj Tak, to be directed by Aditya Bhattacharya. Kashyap read an unedited version of the book, which had not been released at that point, and was "fascinated" by it. He wrote the script in episodes for the mini series but later felt it was better suited as a feature film.
Aaj Tak backed off from the project after their executives read the first episode and it had to be abandoned. Kashyap then suggested to director Aditya Bhattacharya that he make it into a film. When Kashyap told him he felt there was a film to be made about the event, Bhattacharya gave it to him to direct instead. Zaidi wrote the book following three years of research on the subject. Kashyap researched for a year including attending court to see how criminals look and to observe how court procedures work. He discovered criminals look normal and cast his film based on this observation. The film's characters are all real people including: Kay Kay Menon playing investigating officer Rakesh Maria, Pawan Malhotra as Tiger Memon and Aditya Srivastava as Badshah Khan, the police approver who helped them crack the case. Filmmaker Imtiaz Ali portrayed the role of Yakub Memon. To get their perspective, Kashyap also read Voices, a book recommended by Zaidi, which includes the testimony of several individuals who were arrested. He asked Devashish Makhija, who was his assistant director, to do the research. Makhija described the research material he found and Kashyap continued to write. This resulted in the script being completed in 36 hours.
To recreate several of the film's locations Kashyap watched actual footage from the government's Film Division, read all the newspapers describing the incident, and looked at press photographs. The most challenging thing for the crew, since the film was being shot in 2003, was to recreate 1993 when there were no cell phones or satellite television in India. The film was shot on the streets of Mumbai to avoid modern cars. It could not be shot from low angles because the hoardings and neon signs were contemporary. The crew had to make sure there were no mobile telephones visible in the film. Kashyap said in an interview that he needed the city and had to "trim" it: "I somehow managed it. I shot mostly from the top angle and focused on my characters. There was a lot of guerrilla type shooting where nobody in the city came to know-we shot with hidden cameras. The police was supportive, Mid Day was at the job for permissions and all those things." He retained the actual names of people in the film who were involved in the blast.
Kashyap shot the film without permission on actual locations. In the film, Dawood's house was shot in three different locations including Dubai and Lonavala. Because of the film's low-budget the crew slept inside buses at night, shot the film during the day and moved to the next location. Kashyap shot at Behrampura, the site where the bomb was planted, using two hidden cameras, while the crew used walkie-talkies to communicate to avoid attracting a crowd. The film's principal photography began in October 2003 and was completed in 70 days. A twelve-minute police chase sequence in the film was improvised and shot in the slums. It was neither in the script nor in the book. Kashyap wanted it because he felt it was boring to show normal arrests. He also wanted to use the chase to show the criminals' background and the exhaustion of the police. Natarajan Subramaniam served as the director of photography, while Aarti Bajaj was the editor.
Black Friday | ||||
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Soundtrack album by Indian Ocean | ||||
Released | 3 May 2005 | |||
Genre | Fusion, Rock, Jazz | |||
Length | 49:16 | |||
Language | Hindi | |||
Label | Times Music | |||
Producer | K. J. Singh | |||
Indian Ocean chronology | ||||
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The band Indian Ocean composed the soundtrack album and the background score, while Piyush Mishra wrote the lyrics. It was Indian Ocean's first film soundtrack and consisted of nine tracks—three songs and six instrumentals. The album was released on 3 May 2005 under the Times Music label, and in DVD format on 15 February 2013. Kashyap said he opted for the band because he "wanted to use someone away from the pollution of Mumbai kind of music, sounds that are virgin, which have an eccentricity too". K. J. Singh served as the sound producer.
The album received a generally positive response. Devdulal Das of The Times of India wrote that songs like "Bandey" "just re-established this quartet from Delhi as having a distinct sound of their own - something that most bands from India can't boast of." Bhasker Gupta of AllMusic called it a "full-blown and outright stylish contemporary and musically rich album" and wrote: "It's rare that one hears Indian c
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