POLLUTION DUE TO URBANIZATION AND URBANIZATION'S PROBLEM AND THEIR SOLUTIONS

. 1. Pollution is a problem that has became more and more pressing over the last few decades.

  2. Contamination of water bodies and that of land , contamination of the air by fumes or unwanted noise are rigid examples of the pollution due to urbanization .

  3.  Pollution refers to when there are contaminants that pose harm to the environment and there are four main types of it namely AIR POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION , SOIL OR LAND POLLUTION AND NOISE POLLUTION.

 4. Air pollution refers to the harmful and toxic fumes in the air produced by rhe vehicles , factories , smoking etc.

 5. Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies by toxic substance , plastic , oil spills etc . This is harmful to aquatic life and also other life , including humans who drink this water.

 6. Soil or land pollution refers to the wastage we leave on the land and also toxic substance that seep into the soil and ruins it's fertility.

 7. Noise pollution refers to the unwanted and unpleasant noises of blaring horns in traffic's , loud whirring of machines etc . 

 8. Urbanization refers to the concept of rural towns and villages developing into urbanised towns and cities.

 9. When Industries decides to make factories in rural areas like village and small towns they also build good roads and other proper building around the factory . This is so that people can do work in factories with ease . When Industries do this , it is called URBANIZATION.

 10. The bad part about Urbanization is that factories create a lot of pollutants .

 11. They release smoke into the air , harmful waste into water stream and surrounding lands , and also make a lot of noise because of their machines.

 12. Urbanization brings infrastructure and employment opportunities among various other forms of development.

 13. Factories and industries do more harm to the environment than good for the people.

 14. While development is a good thing as it brings opportunity before thousands of people , it is not worth of it as it causes uncontrollable levels of pollution which are highly detrimental to the environment .

 15. The harsh reality of Urbanization is that many beautiful valleys mountains hill stations and forests have been converted into vessels of pollution.

 16. Serious pollution sources include chemical plants , oil refineries , nuclear waste dumps regulars garbage dumps, pvc factories , animal farms.

 17. Some of the common contaminants are lead , chromium , zinc , arsenic and benzene.

 18. Pollutants cause diseases like allergies , asthama , immune disease cancer etc.

 19. Environmental pollution leads to global warming and unexpected climatic changes depleting natural resources.

  20. We should reduce the use of vehicle , save water , follow organic agricultural system to stop pollution , plant more trees , reuse and recycle items , proper disposal of waste ,  saying no to polythene , maintaining a proper sanitation and cleanliness in our surrounding , limiting the use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture .

URBANIZATION PROBLEM AND THEIR SOKUTION : 

         The  movement of people from agricultural areas to cities to work can cause serious problems in both places. What are the serious problems and what measures can be taken to solve this problem ? 

         The world is steadily becoming more urban or people move to cities and towns in search of employment , educational opportunity and higher standard of living . This situation can cause serious problems in both villages and cities . Which I shall discuss and also suggest some ways forward.

        In cities there is a lot of pressure on the resources such as land , water and infrastructure like public transport , health care and law and order etc. There is an increased demand for land which pushes the property prices. This also leads to encroachment of pavement and creation of slums. There is increased the demand and consumption of water. Limited access to drinking water poses serious health hazards and easy spread of water borne diseases across the masses . Health hazards resulting from urbanization are also connected to air pollution , as well as crime , traffic and lifestyle . There is also a sharp growth in urban traffic and the public transport system of the urban cities in choked.

      In villages , as more land exists farming, the local agricultural economy may suffer , closer proximity to urban consumers and new output venues allow farmers to adopt their agricultural operations to higher value , such as fruits and vegetables . This has also led to an Industrialization of farming and modern methods are being used to meet the demands of the increased population of cities . The small scale farmers has suffered as a result . 

     The solution are not simple. What must be understood is that we cannot stop urbanization. Urbanization is synonymous with progress. Growth of cities is not bad ; unplanned growth is bad. Careful planning of cities with the future in mind is required. This will reduce the creation of slum areas. Small scale urban agriculture , intensive commercial periurban agriculture should be promoted . This will meet the food needs . Finally strengthened  and improved rural. Urbanization linkages can make important contribution in improving the situation . If cities and village are linked well with efficient public transport , many people would not shift to cities.

Thanking you.