effective heavy metal on fenugreek

Heavy metals such as Cu and Zn are essential for normal cell growth and development since they are constituents of many enzymes and protein. However, elevated concentration of heavy metals in the soil can lead to toxicity symptoms and the inhibition of growth of most plants. Zinc is a transition metal and most abundant element on earth. Zn and Cu accumulation in the environment is due to mining, chemical industry, burning of fossil fuels, and agricultural utilisation of fertilisers and herbicides. Zinc is involved in auxin formation, activation of dehydrogenase enzymes and stabilisation of ribosomal. Zinc and Cu are also toxic and inhibits plant growth at high concentrations above (250ppm), although they are essential micronutrient to plants. An elevated Zn concentration inhibits the formation of lateral roots and leaves, inward-rolling of the leaf edges and damage in the root system, Stress of Copper in plants causes chlorosis and necrosis, stunting and inhibition of root and shoot growth, it also harms binding of protein in plants.

When plants up take high doses of Cu and Zn, above permissible limit root and shoot growth in plants are adversely effected  thus, plants morphology gets disturbed .

Plates with high dose of heavy metal showed  decreased growth and seeds were seen to get dried or burn after 10 days . Thus can say accumulation of heavy metal in plants retarded there growth and plants were forced to die due to stress. (abiotic stress).